Visiting a National Park in England and Wales: What to Know

The words "national park" can conjure images of untouched wilderness, but in England and Wales the reality is a little different, and arguably more interesting. Understanding what a national park actually is makes a visit richer and helps you treat it well.

A living landscape

National parks in England and Wales are protected areas of outstanding landscape, but they are not empty. People live in them, farm in them, and run shops, pubs and businesses within them. Much of the land is privately owned, and many of the landscapes you admire, from patchwork fields to dry-stone walls, are the result of centuries of farming and human activity.

The Peak District was the first to be designated, in 1951, and since then other areas have followed, spread across upland, lakeland, moorland and coast. Each has its own character, from dramatic fells and glacial valleys to rolling hills and rugged shoreline.

What the designation is for

The purposes of the parks are broadly to conserve and enhance natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage, and to promote opportunities for people to enjoy and understand the special qualities of the area. A park authority manages planning and conservation, and runs visitor services, but it does not usually own most of the land.

Planning your visit

A little preparation goes a long way. Consider the following:

• Check the official visitor information. Park websites list walking routes, opening times, car parks and any closures or seasonal restrictions.
• Think about transport. Popular spots can get very busy, and parking may be limited. Public transport or a park-and-ride service may be easier. Our guide to reaching trailheads without a car has ideas.
• Choose a quieter time. Early mornings and weekdays are often calmer, and the shoulder seasons can be lovely.
• Book ahead if you need to. Accommodation in popular areas fills up quickly in summer and during holidays.

Walking in a national park

A national park is a good place to build confidence on the hills, with signed paths and visitor centres to help. Remember that the weather can change fast at height, so use our day walk planning checklist to prepare properly. Many parks also offer guided walks, which are a good way to learn about local geology, wildlife and history.

Looking after the place

Visitors are guests in someone's home and workplace. A few simple habits make a big difference:

1. Take your litter home, including food waste.
2. Keep to paths to avoid damaging fragile ground and crops.
3. Close gates behind you and give livestock plenty of space.
4. Keep dogs under control, especially near sheep and ground-nesting birds.
5. Park considerately and do not block field gates or narrow lanes.
6. Be quiet and kind in villages and farmyards.

Beyond the walking

There is plenty to do apart from walking: visiting historic houses and villages, cycling quiet lanes, birdwatching, stargazing in dark-sky areas and tasting local food. Slowing down is often the best way to enjoy a national park.

Frequently asked questions

Do I have to pay to enter a national park? No, there is generally no entry fee to the park itself, though car parks, attractions and some facilities may charge.

Can I camp anywhere in a national park? Not automatically. Wild camping rules differ between areas, and in much of England and Wales you need the landowner's permission. Check the local rules first.

Are national parks the same as nature reserves? No. National parks are large, lived-in landscapes, while nature reserves are smaller areas managed mainly for wildlife.